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CHALLENGES
OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN HOME AND RURAL ECONOMICS EDUCATION
ABSTRACT
This study
attempts to find out the challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics
Education. The sample was a total of 60 respondents that comprises teachers and
entrepreneurs in Home and Rural Economics from Federal Polytechnic, Oko in
Anambra State Nigeria. Five research questions were stated and acted as a guide
for the study analyzed using simple percentage. The researcher found out the
challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics Education. On the
basis of these findings, recommendations are made on how students should be
equipped with knowledge and skill of Entrepreneurship in Home and Rural
Economics Education for better living, being creative and resourceful women.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF STUDY
Nigeria as a developing nation has been
faced with a lot of problems, such as inadequate healthcare, poverty,
illiteracy, unemployment, poor infrastructure and over reliance on oil, crime,
corruption, poor macro- economic management, political instability etc.
These are undoubtedly a challenge to
the educational system. National Diploma (ND) programme, which are offered in
tertiary level of education in the country, are designed among other goals to;
a. Produce highly motivated, conscientious
and efficient class room teachers for all levels of the Nigeria educational
system.
b. Provide graduates with the
intellectual and professional background adequate for their assignment, and
make them adaptable to changing situations (F.R.N, 1998). Thus the ND programme
ought to help students to achieve knowledge and skills needed to function at
maximum ability in a constantly changing world.
Home and
Rural Economics offered education is one of the ND programme offered, most
often a part of Vocational and Technical Education. Home and Rural Economies
bring together knowledge and skills from different disciplines within the pure,
applied and behavioural sciences, arts and agriculture to bear upon the family
and its environment.
Home and
Rural Economic Education graduates are expected to be prepared not only for
teaching, but for adaptable employment situations of which self-employment is
inclusive. Interestingly, one solution to unemployment is the generation of
self-employment (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNE-SCO, 1997). Self-employment how ever requires that
individuals possesses among other things entrepreneurial knowledge, attitude
and skills. This requires entrepreneurship education.
Fortunately,
the federal government of Nigeria has recognized that entrepreneurship plays a
crucial role in the innovations that leads to technological charges and
productivity growth. Hence, very recently, the National Universities Commission
(NUC) and the National Diploma (ND) respectively, in the Draft, Benchmark and
Minimum Academic Standard recommended four (4) credit units of entrepreneurship
studies for school of Applied Science, where Home and Rural Economics is based.
This is a welcome development and has far reading implications for both
students and teachers in Home and Rural Economics.
However,
Lemeh and Anyakoha (2006) emphasized that for the goal of including the
entrepreneurship courses in the ND Home and Rural Economics programme to be
attained, strategies for the effective integration of the course must
necessarily be determined.
Entrepreneurship
has therefore become a vital issue in national development. Home and Rural
Economics can become entrepreneurs because they are supposed to have the basic
knowledge and skills required for specific jobs or occupations.
However,
mastery of craft or processing techniques or even infusion of addition: 1
capital is not enough to ensure survivals of an enterprise (Ikemefuna, 1991).
The
importance of finding challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural
Economics cannot be over emphasized.
STATEMENT OF
PROBLEMS
It is quite
unfortunate that majority of Home and Rural Economics graduates can no longer be self-employed
because they are not exposed to entrepreneurship.
It was certain that many Home and Rural
Economics graduates were afraid of establishing their own business, the reason
is that, they are lacking entrepreneurship skills.
A study conducted on higher education
and work with particular reference to Home and Rural Economics (Odo, 1998)
showed that 26.6 percent of undergraduates were interested in being
self-employed. The data obtained from graduates of Home and Rural Economics
showed that only 13 percent had set up their own businesses after graduation.
However, current employment data shows only 6.6 percent to be self-employed,
suggesting that some of these businesses may have folded up. These findings may
suggest that there could be challenges for Home and Rural Economics
Entrepreneur.
The greatest challenges of Home and
Rural Economics is to determined those issues that pose various forms of
challenges and threats to individuals, families and society at large and then
address than most appropriately (Anyakoha, 2002).
PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
To find-out
challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics Education.
Therefore
the objectives will be to;
1. Explain the concept of
entrepreneurship
2. Identify characteristics of an
entrepreneurship
3. Show the place of entrepreneurship in
Home and Rural Economics.
4. Identify the challenges of
entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics.
5. Offer recommendations for enhancing
entrepreneurship to in Home and Rural Economics.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The significance if this study will be
of great achievement to the Home and Rural Economics students in tertiary
institution in Anambra State. If they can be able to know how to be
self-employed by acquiring entrepreneurial skills so that some problems such as
corruption, poverty, unemployment etc will be reduced in our society.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What are the concepts of
entrepreneurship?
2. What are the characteristics of
entrepreneurship?
3. What are the places of
entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?
4. What are the challenges of
entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?
5. What are the recommendations for
enhancing entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?
SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
It is quite
impossible to sample all the Home and Rural Economics graduates in tertiary
institutions in Anambra State within the period of time. It was however
possible to obtain representative random sample of the Home and Rural Economics
graduates in tertiary institutions in Anambra State.
The following limitations were
encountered by researchers in the course of this study. Lack of finance was a
big problems to the researcher in terms of the students were another problem in
spite of several efforts made to some students, they skill felt uncooperative
in responding to the questions some of them collected the question and did not
return them to the researchers.
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