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EFFECTS OF
TRUANCY ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS
ABSTRACT
This
research work was carried out to examine the effects of truancy on academic
performance of primary school pupils in Edati Local Government area of Niger
State.The research methodology utilizes descriptive statistics with simple
numbers and percentages in the analysis and synthesizing of primary sources of
data collected via questionnaire, as well as diverse literature on the area of
study. Chi-square was used in the testing of hypothesis posited. However, this
study revealed that; that truancy hinders effective learning and could lead to
poor academic performance of truants. It is therefore, recommended that, there
should be enlightenment campaigns by government agencies, and non-government
organizations for parents and children on the dangers inherent in truancy, and
that the school authority and teachers should ensure conducive school physical
environment for good working relationship between teachers and students..
Key words:
Truancy, Academic Performance.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
In recent
times, education has been recognized globally as one of the universal ways of
survival and improvement of the well-being of individuals and society. The
advent of formal education is considered as the foundation for national
development as well as the surest way of making all long life achievements. For
these reasons, families and citizens especially the youth and children now pay
more attention to education. Consequently no nation, government, organization
or family makes effective impact and lasting successes in their daily affairs
without having educated citizens, officers, workers who had clearer
understanding of their obligations, functions or responsibilities, observe the
laws, apply policies and co-operate in its affairs. The 6-3-3-4 System of
Education established in 1982 was aimed at providing Universal Basic Education
for the citizens in order to breed species of individuals with compassion for
our great Nation, having National consciousness with the right attitude to
life, properties and values required to move national development to the next
level. (Ogbonna, Chinasa, and
Onwuchekwa, 2009).
However, the effort invested by
the federal government of Nigeria on education had over the years proven a
fruitful and promising reward to national development posing a lively hope for
the better in the immediate future. It is of no doubt that several factors have
posed relentless restriction to the trend of the rapid development in
education; for which truancy in both student and teachers in primary and
secondary schools has been a cankerworm to education. This has raised several
questions to the quality of education and educational administration in
Nigerian Secondary Schools.(Huzinga & Thornberry, 2000).
Furthermore, the impact of truancy
is very obvious and usually a negative one on Truants’ present and future life
in education. Truancy results in loss of intellectual development and lack of
improvement of individual. Also, it leads to poor academic performance at the end
of the school periods, school terms and school year. Truancy as a threat to
academic performances of the student is believed to reduce the quality of
education the child receives. It reduces the standard of academic achievement
of a child. It leads to the fall of educational standard in schools. It
increases the rate of examination malpractices and poor examination results of
both internal and external examinations. Truancy is also a factor that
contributes to idealness, joblessness, unemployment and underemployment of most
adults today, just because they engaged in the act of Truancy during their
school days. Nevertheless, the aim of this work is to investigate the actual
acts, causes, and the effects of Truancy in Secondary Schools visà-vis its
effect on the academic performances of these truants. (Oehme and Franzke,
2002)
Truancy is one of the major
antisocial discipline problems among secondary school students in Nigeria. The
concept and acts of indiscipline have received a lot of attention by
researchers. Peck (2003) opined that the various behavioural disorders like
stealing, violence, drug abuse, examination malpractice, sexual abuse and
truancy have so undermined effective teaching-learning processes that some
teachers have become helpless and disorganized in their task of impacting
knowledge to the learners. (Huzinga & Thornberry, 2000).
1.2Statement
of the Problem
The school has been established
as the agent of the society to mould the habits, interest, attitudes and
feelings of children and transmit the societal norms, culture, values and
traditions from one generation to another. Despite this, some students still do
not attend school classes. Many of our youths now run away from schools while
in many of the cases, the parents believe they are attending school classes.
While they are away from school, they exercise freedom in engaging in a lot of
juvenile delinquencies like fighting and drug abuse. This situation in our
schools is highly worrisome. Truancy is a problem because the absent students
cannot benefit from the various programmes that the school offers. Effects of
truancy have been reported to include lower academic achievements, delinquent
and criminal activities. It has been established that truancy is cog in the
wheel of teaching learning.
1.3Objectives
of the Study
The primary
objective of this study is to examine the effects of truancy
on academic
performances of primary school pupils in Edati Local Government Area. Other
objective is to:
I. Determine whether the acts of
truancy exist among Primary School pupils.
II. Examine the causes/Factors
responsible for truancy in our Primary Schools.
III.Determine
whether peer group influence contribute to the act of truancy in our Primary
school.
1.4 Research
Questions
i. What are the effects of truancy on the
academic performance of students in Primary schools?
ii. Does Peer group influence contribute to the
act of truancy in our Primary school?
iii. What factors are responsible
for Truancy in Primary Schools?
1.5Research
Hypothesis
The following research
hypotheses are formulated:
I. There are no significant effects
of truancy on the academic performance of Primary School Pupils in Edati Local
Government Area.
II. Peer group does not significantly
contribute to the act of truancy in our Primary School.
1.6
Significance of the Study
It is hoped
that the result of this study will be useful to school administrators, as the
study will examine the various causes and consequences of truancy and state the
ways of curbing it which will serve as a vital instrument for effective school
administration.
The study will also give parents
insight on how or why their wards engage in truancy. The study will also serve
as reference point for students or researchers wising to embark on similar
research of this magnitude.
1.7 Scope
and delimitation of the study
The scope of
the study is based on the effects of truancy on the academic performance of
pupils in Primary schools in Edati Local Government Area.
The research work will be limited
to the analysis based on the questionnaire administered, and the relevant text
(literature). Other limitation of the study is: inability of the researcher to
cover the entire population of the study, money and time and constrain.
1.8
Operational Definition of Terms
Truancy: The
practice of staying away from school without permission. In
other words,
it is the act of staying away from school without a reasonable excuse.
Truant: A
child who stays away from schools without permission.
Disobedient:
failing or refusing to obey.
Abet: To
encourage somebody to do something wrong.
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