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FACTORS
INFLUENCING CHOICE OF SCHOOL SUBJECT BY SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Although the
over-all philosophy and objectives of education in Nigeria states among others
that: the integration of the individual into a sound and effective citizen and
equal education opportunities for all citizens of the nation at the primary,
secondary and tertiary levels (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1981), several
factors however influence individual decision and choices. This term
“influence” refers to the ability to produce an effect that affects the
character of a person and “choice” refers to the right to choose and or the
ability to select out of a number of things and take a decision. In
consequence, therefore, the choice of a subject by students is influenced by
the dynamics of socio-economic and some related personal factors (Akintade,
2012).
The senior
secondary school education (SSS) represents the third stage in the current
educational system known as 6-3-3-4. This system of education that was designed
by the National Policy on Education exposes the learner to as many disciplines
as possible in the junior secondary school (J.S.S) and then allows them to make
choices of subjects in the senior secondary school level (SSS). The core school
subjects for senior secondary school education are as follows: “Mathematics,
English, One Nigerian language, Biology, Literature in English, Agricultural
science as a vocational subject. Optional subjects include:- Economics, Bible
Knowledge, Arabic Studies, Commerce,
Accounting, French, Government, Home-Economics, Typewriting, Music, Technical
Drawing, Physical Education, Health Science, Wood work and Shorthand (Akintade,
2012)”.
Making
choices from an array of options is an integral part of life. At various stages
in life, individuals have to make some important decisions. Some of such
decisions tend to have everlasting impact on the individual. One of such
delicate and life implicating decisions is the choice of school subjects at the
senior secondary school level. It is one decision that tends to determine
students’ future educational and career progress (Owoyele and Toyobo, 2008).
Some
researchers have tried to identity a considerable number of factors influencing
subjects’ selection by students in secondary schools. Literature indicates
school policy, parental-will (Davis-Kean, 2005) peer influence (Addy and
Diddulgh, 2001; Owoyele, 2007) academic ability, intelligence, age, sex,
ignorance and accidental choice (Cooley and Comber, 2003) as some of the basic
factors influencing students’ choice of subject selection.
The
contribution of each of these factors is still obscure and studies on the most
likely positive determinant of school subject selection in terms of predicting
students’ success in future educational and career endeavours are still elusive
(Owoyele and Toyobo, 2008).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Students are
faced with the problem of indecision when they are about to choose a subject,
as a result of differences in opinion from various angles. This problem has
plagued many Nigerian secondary school students for quite some time. It is such
a problem that must be looked into, knowing fully well that the place of
secondary education is highly significant in the educational development of a
nation.
With good
background, students still need to develop themselves on the subject areas they
are keenly interested in and particularly the ones they have potentiality for
to further their education in future which can help to better their career in
life. Lots of students have been found choosing subjects for senior school
certificate examination not minding the aspect of their potentiality which
affects them when making a choice of career in the university. Many had made
mistakes of wrong choice. Hence, this research seeks to explore the various
factors influencing choice of school subjects by secondary school students in
Lagos State.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The study
will be conducted with the following objectives;
i. To find out the influence of the
subject teacher on students’ choice of subjects in secondary schools in Lagos
State.
ii. To find out the influence of gender
on secondary school students’ choice of subjects in Lagos State.
iii. To investigate the role of parents
in influencing students’ choice of subjects in secondary schools.
iv. To investigate the role of peer
groups in influencing students’ choice of subjects in secondary schools in
Lagos State.
1.4 Research Questions
The study
was guided with the following Research Questions:
a.How does
the subject teacher influence students’ choice of subjects in secondary school
Lagos State?
b.How does
gender affect secondary school students’ choice of subjects in Lagos State?
c.What is
the role of parents in influencing students’ choice of subjects in secondary
schools?
d.What is
the role of peer groups in influencing students’ choice of subjects in
secondary schools in Lagos State?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
The
researcher tested the following hypotheses in the course of the study:
Hypothesis
1:
H01:There is
no significant impact of the subject teacher’s influence on students’ choice of subjects in the
senior secondary school in Lagos State.
Hypothesis
2:
H02: Gender does not affect senior secondary
school students’ choice of subjects in Lagos State.
Hypothesis
3:
H03: Parents do not influence students’ choice
of subjects in secondary schools in Lagos State.
Hypothesis
4:
H04: Peer
groups do not influence students’ choice of subjects in secondary schools in Lagos State
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