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MOTIVATIONAL
STRATEGIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON PRODUCTIVITY
ABSTRACT
The study
sought to find out the motivational strategies and its impact on productivity
The purpose of the study is to provide effective motivational strategies for
organizations to use to motivate employees, to improve and increase
productivity in organizations. The Literature review enables us to understand
the various theories on motivation and the effect have on productivity The
researcher developed a questionnaire to collect primary data regarding what
will make employees perform and increase productivity. The study was conducted
by collecting data from sample of 80 respondents selected from the target
population using questionnaire The data was analyzed using frequencies and
percentage distribution. It was established that staff of Ghana Airports
Company are being motivated but management need to deploy the various
incentives in order to satisfy all employees. The responses from the survey
revealed that motivation has a positive effect on productivity in the company.
The study revealed that intrinsic and extrinsic motivators do lead to job
satisfaction irrespective of the status of employees in the organizations. The
following recommendations were made to enhance performance and increase
productivity of Employees. Employees of the company should be given equal
opportunities and recognition. Also the whole motivational system should be
made more transparent to all employees and the appraisal system should call for
the unique strengths to show as well as the expected rewards. There should be
training and development programs open to workers. This should include both
on-the-job and off-the-job training which will help workers to upgrade their
knowledge and be able to meet their target.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND INTO THE STUDY
In light of
today’s business conditions, motivating people to give their best has become
more crucial than ever, because of stiff competition and economic
uncertainties. The factor that can set apart an organization in this turbulent
environment be it in the public or private sectors is its people, therefore
establishing and maintaining a stable workforce is a major concern of human
resource department.Motivation in the work context is defined as„‟an
individual‟s degree of Willingness to exert high level of effort to reach
organizational goals‟ (Robin and Decenzo, 1995). Naturally, organizations seek
out individuals who are motivated to perform well in the workplace. In
addition, they hope to employ people who have the ability to motivate others
with whom they work; subordinates, peers, and superiors to work harder towards
the accomplishment of goals assigned to them. If organizations can motivate
employees to become effective problem solvers and to meet or exceed customer
expectations, then the organizational goals and objectives can be realized
(Harvard press 2005).
Worker
motivation is essential since there is a direct relationship between motivation
and productivity. Only through motivation, can managers‟ help their employees
generate the excellent performance that enables companies or organizations to
boost profitability and survive –even thrive during tough times. Increased
motivation creates the conditions for a more effective workforce, but because
work motivation is an interactive process between workers and their work
environment, good management and supervision are still critical factors in
reaching organizational goals (Hornby and Sidney, 1988).
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Researchers
have studied employee motivation at length; the biggest misconception was that
good wages were always the primary motivational factor among employees
regardless of the industry by which they are employed (Tsang Wong.1997. This
generalization or supposed knowledge has misdirected frontline supervisors of
industrial workers for years (Kovach, 19870).Effective employee motivation has
long been one of management most difficult and important duties. Success in
this endeavour is becoming more challenging in light of organizational trends
to downsize and in relation to the demands associated with managing a diverse
workforce (Kreitner and Kinicki 1992). Employee motivation is a complex process
as individuals are complex, diverse and often difficult to predict. No one
theory of motivation can explain human motivation particularly across diverse
cultures.
The study is
therefore aimed at researching into the motivational strategies that exist in
the public service/sector and Ghana Airport Company limited in particular.
1.3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Analyse the
importance of motivation on performance (productivity)
Assess the
level of moral among staff in the public sector
Examine
the attitude of management towards job satisfaction and motivation of
employees.
Identify
the factors that promote positive motivational behavior among employees.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What
motivational strategies can you find in the public service?
2. What are
the factors that motivate employee in Ghana Airports Company?
3. What are
the impacts of motivation on productivity of employees of Ghana Airports
Company?
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study
will help the organization to manage the human resources to achieve maximum
efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery to suggest and recommend
strategies that will motivate and improve productivity in the public service.
1.7
ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
This study
will be presented in five chapters. The first chapter will contain the
introduction statement of problem information about Ghana Airports Company
Limited, the significance and organization of the study.The second chapter
deals with various theories on motivation and the factors, which enhances
employee performance, increased productivity in an organization.The third
chapter describes the sampling technique used to determine the sample size, the
population studied, and the instrument used.
The fourth
chapter will be the analysis of data and the fifth chapter will present the
summary of findings and conclusions and recommendations based on the study.
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